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- Notes:
- A group of French prisoners of war carrying their recent purchases march through the streets of Berlin under a German guard. These men probably gave their parole that they would not attempt to escape, which allowed them to shop in the city.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian, French, and Belgian prisoners of war line up at the window of the camp kitchen at Goettingen where they will receive their barrack's ration of food. They will then carry the meals back to their quarters for the final distribution.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This German orderly is carrying several loaves of "war bread" which will be distributed to the Allied prisoners at Magdeburg. Due to the effectiveness of the Allied blockade of the North Sea, the bread issued to POW's had little relationship to pre-war goods as bakers substituted a number of ingredients for the flour. British prisoners also preferred white bread to German dark breads which reduced the appeal of war bread.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A British sailor hands a loaf of bread to a French prisoner under the supervision of a German NCO in the bread warehouse in Zossen. Russian prisoners look on from the right as a British POW loads some bread into a hand truck which will be used to distribute the bread in the camp. Note the stacks of loaves of bread behind the prisoners. Bread was a major component of POW rations in all German prison camps.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Thousands of Russian prisoners line up for their dinner rations in the prison compound at Hammerstein. Their soup will be ladled from the large wooden barrels at the front of each line. This system ensured that all of the POW's received the same rations and worked well during nice weather.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- The Russian cooking staff is busy preparing a meal in the prison kitchen in Schneidemuehl under the direction of a German non-commissioned officer. Meals were mass produced in the large pressure cookers for the prison population.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners, just captured at Novo Geogievski, have just arrived at the prison camp at Stralkowo and receive their first meal in the camp. Russian prisoners ladle out soup from large wooden barrels to the first group of POW's while others patiently await their turn to receive their rations.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Allied prisoners carry butchered meat on their shoulders into the camp kitchen at Ulm under the supervision of German non-commissioned officers. On the black board to the left of the door is the lunch menu planned 1 September 1915. POWs received at least one meat or fish dish every day for protein which was supposed to be the equivalent to rations given to German troops.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners of war line up for additional food and provisions outside the window of the camp canteen at Limburg. One French soldier, in the line to the left, proudly wears two medals on his chest, while a German non-commissioned officer stands to the right. These prisoners could make their purchases using their prison script (Lagergeld) which they received for their work assignments or from their savings in the prison camp bank.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners and German staff members prepare dinner in the huge cookers in the background of the photograph of the camp kitchen at Guetersloh. The food will be served in the dining hall in the large pots sitting on the table. Mass production of rations was essential to feed large numbers of prisoners three times a day.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners who just arrived in the prison compound at Schneidemuehl line up for their first dinner in the camp. They will be organized and assigned accommodations in the barracks similar to the buildings behind them.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This is a photograph of the kitchen in the officers' prison camp at Mainz. Officers enjoyed fresh fruit and canned vegetables with their meals. Meals were prepared in the large vats to the left. Note the day's menu written on the chalk board at the foot of the pressure cooker.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- British Indian Muslim troops prepare to slaughter three sheep for dinner at the Muslim camp kitchen in Zossen while French North African POWs watch the processing. Note the pile of potatoes in the background on the ground. Zossen-Wuensdorf was a propaganda camp in which Muslim prisoners enjoyed special privileges. The Germans planned to recruit Muslim POW's to fight for the Sultan in the jihad against the Allies.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- In this interesting wood block print, a Russian prisoner holding two birds is conversing through the camp fence with a German woman and a boy, under the scrutiny of a German guard. The Russian prisoner and German woman appear to be conducting some kind of transaction that involves the exchange of the poultry. Prisoners had time to produce a wide range of goods that could be bartered, although the process would not usually be conducted so openly in public.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- German soldiers operate seven potato peeling machines in the prison camp at Wittenberg while POW's watch. Normally POW's would assume the task of peeling potatoes by hand, but the sheer number of potatoes required for meals at large prison camps encouraged the Germans to introduce machinery to prepare potatoes and other meals.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Five British prisoners of war sit on a bench in front of the store room at Limburg peeling potatoes, under the watchful gaze of a German non-commissioned officer. The store room appears full given the bags of supplies behind the window. Note that the British prisoners wear identification bands on their upper left arms.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This drawing depicts French, Belgian, and British prisoners enjoying the evening smoking and playing cards in the canteen at the officers' camp in Burg. They are served by a Russian orderly and Gladys, the hostess. Prisoners were not totally cut off from the presence of women, who occasionally worked in canteens in German prison camps.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- The meat larder at the Lamsdorf prison camp is full of pork, beef, sausages, and other foodstuffs early in the war (this photograph was taken in 1915). A German cook and an Allied POW work in the storeroom in preparation for the next meal. The Allied blockade of Germany placed a heavy burden on the Germans' ability to feed prisoners of war within a year.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A group of Indian Muslim prisoners of war relax outside the prison camp kitchen at Zossen-Wuensdorf. Some of the prisoners are preparing sheep for slaughter for their dinner. The kitchen maintained strict religious standards for the Muslim POW's incarcerated in the camp.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- British internees line up with their dinner pails waiting for their lunch rations at the camp kitchen in Ruhleben. A German guard stands by the door near an internee who is already eating his soup. Several of the prisoners appear to be in good human, including the man in the center of the photo wearing his soup bowl as a helmet.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Prisoners set up booths plying a wide range of wares outside of their barracks in Cassel. POW's had access to food and other commodities which they could sell to other inmates. This food complemented the rations the German authorities issued to war prisoners. A German non-commissioned officer checks out the goods for sale at the right.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A French officer tastes the day's soup in the camp kitchen at Limburg, as Russian and German cooks prepare for the distribution of the meal to the prisoners. Feeding all of the men in a prison camp on a daily basis was a massive undertaking in spite of wartime food shortages.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners unload food provisions in baskets from a wagon under the supervision of a German NCO and armed guards. Soup pots sit on the ground to the right. The scene is from the Winter of 1914-1915 and it is cold--many of the prisoners have their hands in their pockets. The prison barracks at Wetzlar stand behind the prisoners.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Civilian internees assigned to Barrack 5 at the prison camp in Ruhleben line up with their soup buckets for their ration of cabbage soup at the camp kitchen. Note the bars across the window of the kitchen, designed to improve internal security.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- German non-commissioned officers inspect the meat while Russian and French prisoners of war stir the soup. The POW's in this unidentified German prison camp built the camp kitchen, which includes intricate wood carvings.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners sit in the prison kitchen peeling a huge pile of potatoes at Darmstadt, under the supervision of a German non-commissioned officer. A barrel of peeled potatoes stands next to the sink. To feed a large prison population took a great deal of time, effort, and resources. Many camps acquired machines to peel potatoes to meet POW dietary needs.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners of war carry the daily provision of bread into a German prison camp in these large boxes. German non-commissioned officers and sentries accompany the detail to make sure that the bread reaches the distribution point.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A number of incarcerated prisoners (primarily Russian officers with a few French POW's) stand in the courtyard of the fortress waiting for their dinner. There are a number of German guards on the left hand side as well as German staff members to the rear of the group.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A group of Russian prisoners load a wagon full of apples at a market at Frankfurt-am-Main for transportation to the prison camp. These apples will be pressed into juice and stored in the camp. A German Landsturm sentry stands to the left.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Internees, children, and French prisoners of war line up for their meals outside of the camp kitchen at Holzminden. The adults have soup bowls ready while the children carry dinner pails.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Prisoners unload provisions from a train at the prison camp at Guestrow under the direction of German officers and guards. A hand truck sits on the ground in front of the provisions. To feed the large numbers of POW's in parent camps, the Germans had to ship in large quantities of provisions on a regular basis.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A wagon full of bread has just arrived at Ulm and at the table to the right French and Russian prisoners weigh the loaves and inspect the quality of the bread. The bread has to be distributed to all of the barracks and a a fair allocation was important for POW survival. The quality of the bread in Germany, especially in prison camps, deteriorated dramatically during the war as a result of the Allied naval blockade.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners of war prepare a meal of soup in a German prison camp kitchen. A German supervisor in the white coat observes the process at the right.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- British and French prisoners of war draw their daily bread rations from a cart under the watchful eyes of German Landsturm guards. The British troops, used to white bread, considered the German "Kriegsbrot" to be a poor substitution, especially as the war continued and substitute ingredients were added to replace flour supplies.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- German non-commissioned officers carefully inspect food parcels for contraband while British, Scottish, and French prisoners prepare to distribute the censor-approved packets to fellow prisoners. German enthusiasm for detecting banned items sometimes spoiled food preservation by opening cans and tins or cutting through bread and meat products.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A view of the kitchen in Minden II, with the German non-commissioned officer supervisors in the foreground and the French POW kitchen staff in the rear. The day's menu (21 July 1915) is written on a chalk board. Breakfast consisted of coffee; lunch featured beef and potato soup; and dinner offered herring and potatoes.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- The camp commandant inspects the daily production of bread in the prison bakery at Quedlinburg. German officers record the production numbers and French bakers remove the freshly-baked loaves. Bread was an important part of the prisoners' diet and each prison had to produce vast amounts of bread on a daily basis.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French and Belgian prisoners of war line up in the compound at Eichstaett with their soup bowls waiting for their evening dinner ration. The POW's went to the camp kitchen to receive their rations. The photograph also shows one of the stone buildings that made up the prison facility.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian and French prisoners man the milk bar at the prison camp at Cassel, selling bowls and glasses of milk to the inmates. German authorities supervise the sale of the milk products. Acquisition of fresh milk from the diary farms around Cassel was not a problem for German authorities in 1915, before the Allied blockade took a toll on the German economy.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Despite the peace treaty between Russia and Germany, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (3 March 1918), Russian POW's continued to languish in German prison camps due to the Russian Civil War. Russian prisoners could not return home because the Allies did not want to swell the ranks of the Red Army and rail transportation through Poland was cut off due to the Russo-Polish War. The American YMCA sent War Prisoners' Aid secretaries back into Germany to provide relief for Russian POW's and M.V. Arnold was assigned to the prison camp at Parchim to restore welfare services. This program, developed by the Russian POW's to honor Arnold's work, depicts various scenes in the prison camp: food provided by the Association, a Christmas tree, a boxing match, a view of a camp barrack, and a German sentry guarding the fence. Note the Red Star at the top of the program. Bolshevik agitators infiltrated many of the German prison camps especially after German authorities captured Red Army troops that chose internment in East Prussia rather than decimation by the Polish Army during the Russo-Polish War.
- Date Created:
- 1920-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- British internees march to one of the camp kitchens at Ruhleben with their dinner buckets in hand. While theoretically under the command of a German non-commissioned officer, several of the internees appear to be out of step in the march. The British civilians chafed under German insistence on running the camp like a military facility.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Food parcels from welfare organizations or relatives were a critical component of life in a prison camp during World War I. While Allied prisoners received the same rations as German troops, the quality was probably not as favorable. Prisoners survived on these rations, but certainly did not thrive. Several wagon loads of parcels have just arrived at Muenster from the railroad station and prisoners are preparing to unload the wagons for inspection and distribution. Note that the wagons are designed to be pulled by the POW's and not horses. In the background, a large group of war prisoners await the German inspection and release of these parcels.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners await their dinner outside of their barracks at Wasbek. The meal consists of soup, found in the large pots on the ground with ladles on top. A German non-commissioned officer stands in the center of the group with a ladle in hand, ready to begin distributing the meal. German officers stand in the background at the left.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French POW's prepare a meal under the supervision of German non-commissioned officers at Minden. All of the meals were mass produced in pressure cookers for the camp's inmates. As a result, prisoners dined on a variety of soups and boiled dishes.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners of war unload a wagon of potatoes and a cart of fresh milk from local farmers in the court yard of the prison at Grafenwoehr. They load baskets of food which will be sold in the prison canteen. Prisoners with money could purchase additional food to augment their diets by making purchases in the canteen.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French and Belgian war prisoners and interned civilians enjoy glasses of milk at the canteen/milk hall at the prison camp in Cassel. In 1916, when this photograph was taken, food was relatively plentiful in Germany and POW's could obtain a variety of foods in prison camps. Prisoners at Cassel wore white armbands for identification purposes on their upper arms.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A scene in the kitchen of the officers' prison camp in Hannoverisch Muenden. The kitchen staff stands in the background with German non-commissioned officers, Allied enlisted men (who served as the cooks), and several French and British officers. Note the conventional stove in the kitchen instead of the huge pressure cookers designed for mass food production found in enlisted men's camps. Loaves of bread are stacked on the shelves in the back of the kitchen.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A photograph from the watch tower in Buetow provides a general view of the prison camp, including the wooden barracks (note the barrack under construction in the background). The Russian prisoners have dug trenches to store the mountains of potatoes in preparation for the long winter. They are working under the direction of German non-commissioned officers. Potatoes were the primary source of nutrition for Allied POWs in prison camps.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners of war line up to buy refreshments at the canteen in the prison compound at Erlangen. The canteen appears to be well stocked with provisions, suggested by the goods in the window. French and Russian prisoners relax in the shade of a shed to the right. A group of POW's in the middle of the photograph are in a playful mood; one of the French prisoners gives his fellow inmate a pair of "horns" with his fingers.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- British and French POW's visit the canteen in the prison camp in Bautzen. The canteen is well-stocked with boots, slippers, suspenders, knives/razors, and other goods (including sausages) while a German soldier mans the cash register. This photograph was taken early in the war when prison stocks were plentiful and the Allied blockade had not taken its toll on the German economy.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries