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- Notes:
- Prisoners enjoyed their meals in the hotel dining room in Bezau (Kreuzstein), which was vastly different from the mes halls that enlisted men used in Austrian captivity. The Orthodox cross on the back table suggests that the officers' mess might have served double duty as a chapel on Sunday mornings.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A British sailor hands a loaf of bread to a French prisoner under the supervision of a German NCO in the bread warehouse in Zossen. Russian prisoners look on from the right as a British POW loads some bread into a hand truck which will be used to distribute the bread in the camp. Note the stacks of loaves of bread behind the prisoners. Bread was a major component of POW rations in all German prison camps.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- The prisoners often planted flower gardens to decorate their surroundings and provide a pastime, which often included vegetables to enhance their rations. This is a photograph of a flower patch between the wooden barracks at Hameln.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners who just arrived in the prison compound at Schneidemuehl line up for their first dinner in the camp. They will be organized and assigned accommodations in the barracks similar to the buildings behind them.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Smiling French and Belgian prisoners pose for a photograph with their bowls of soup in hand at the prison camp at Zossen (including one French North African POW standing on the left side of the photo). These pictures of content prisoners with lots of soup were distributed in the West to counter Allied accusations of starvation in German prisons.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners line up outside a barrack to receive their noon meals at Koenigsbrueck. Soup is on the menu as demonstrated by the meal on the table to the right of the door. Note the unidentified civilian in the foreground of the photograph.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- British Indian Muslim troops prepare to slaughter three sheep for dinner at the Muslim camp kitchen in Zossen while French North African POWs watch the processing. Note the pile of potatoes in the background on the ground. Zossen-Wuensdorf was a propaganda camp in which Muslim prisoners enjoyed special privileges. The Germans planned to recruit Muslim POW's to fight for the Sultan in the jihad against the Allies.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Seven prisoners of war at Ohrdruf enjoy some refreshments outside of their barracks. French, French North African, Belgian, Russian, and British (Scottish) soldiers partake in a social opportunity early in the war.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- While most enlisted men lived in large dormitory settings, some POW's enjoyed more elegant surroundings. These five French prisoners, probably non-commissioned officers, are enjoying a dinner that includes several bottles of wine and an ample supply of bread, served on a white table cloth. Only one of the participants is in a uniform, which includes a Red Cross armband.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A squatting Italian prisoner tears into a loaf of bread while another Italian POW watches in the prison compound at Mauthausen. By the end of the war, the Allied blockade had a serious impact on the quantity and quality of rations that the Austrians provided to prisoners. This desperate situation was compounded by the Italian government's decision to restrict parcel shipments to POW's in the Dual Monarchy after the Caporetto fiasco.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners of war carry their barrack's ration of soup in the large part in the prison compound in Goettingen. They will serve the meal to their messmates in their quarters. This type of distribution avoided long food lines of individual POW's at the camp kitchen; this approach simultaneously prevented German authorities from supervision the final distribution of the rations.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A group of Jewish Russian prisoners sit at a table, decorated with candles in wine bottles, outside of their barracks for their Passover meal. One prisoner pours wine while another reads from the Torah.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Prisoners maintained pig stys along the perimeter fence between the compounds at Soltau. The POWs tended the pigs and other livestock to enhance the bland quality of their regular fare and increase their meat rations. The Allied naval blockade had a severe impact on the diversity of POW meals. The stys were located next to one compound's parade/athletic grounds and the road between the compounds. Note the guard towers in the background which were built to observe the barbed-wire fences.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French and Belgian prisoners leave the camp kitchen at Zossen with bowls of hot soup in hand. They will eat their meals in their barracks.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A group of French and Russian prisoners of war at Puchheim enjoy an outdoor luncheon of hot soup outside of their barrack.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This store room in Merseburg holds two key materials for any prison camp: a large pile of potatoes sits to the right of the room (an important ingredient in prisoners' daily diets) and a large pile of coal is at the left (coat was a critical source of energy). A prison camp consumer huge quantities of potatoes and coal on a daily basis as part of the camp's operations. These supplies were essential to support the prison camp during the long winter months.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Two French prisoners team carry their barracks' dinner from the camp kitchen at Muensingen while POW's from other barracks wait for their allotments. In the background is a disinfection wagon for POW uniforms. This water color painting shows the hills surrounding the prison camp.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian officers enjoy a meal in the dining hall in the prison camp at Guetersloh. They drink coffee and beer with their dinners and are served by an orderly in the white coat.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners carry out hot bowls of soup from the camp kitchen in Zossen and are heading back to their barrack to enjoy their meal. In some prison camps, all POWs had to report to the camp kitchen for their rations while at others two prisoners would visit the kitchen and bring back a large pot of rations which would be distributed inside the barracks.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners unload food provisions in baskets from a wagon under the supervision of a German NCO and armed guards. Soup pots sit on the ground to the right. The scene is from the Winter of 1914-1915 and it is cold--many of the prisoners have their hands in their pockets. The prison barracks at Wetzlar stand behind the prisoners.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners of war eat their lunch outside of their barrack at Hammelburg. They are enjoying a lunch of soup and bread.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners at Friedrichsfeld sit on benches, enjoying the sun in their garden in front of their barrack. The garden features flowers and squash in a star-shaped design. This type of gardening was very popular in prison camps and helped prisoners pass their idle time. Vegetables helped vary prison fare and would help stem hunger later in the war.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Serbian and Russian prisoners line up for their lunch in the prison compound in Nagymegyer. A Hungarian soldier serves the POW's with soup from the large pot in the middle of the compound, under the watchful eye of a Hungarian non-commissioned officer (to the right). Some of the camp's barracks can be seen in the background. Note the white badges on the caps of the prisoners which identifies their POW status.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Polish Legionnaires line up for their dinner ration of soup in the prison compound at Huszt in 1918. Prisoners retrieved large pots of soup from the camp kitchen and ladled out the rations in the open compound. The POW's receive their meals under the watchful eye of a Hungarian guard. The Hungarians interned these Polish prisoners in 1916 when they refused to take the oath of allegiance to the new Polish Regency in Poland.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners eat a dinner, consisting primarily of soup, in the mess hall at Ludwigsburg. Two of their comrades have retrieved the dinner from the camp kitchen for distribution inside the barrack. These quarters provide quite of bit of room with lots of ventilation through the windows on each side of the building. The prisoners slept in bunks along the exterior walls. However, unlike POW barracks found in other prison camps, there are no central stoves to keep the quarters warm in the winter.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A number of incarcerated prisoners (primarily Russian officers with a few French POW's) stand in the courtyard of the fortress waiting for their dinner. There are a number of German guards on the left hand side as well as German staff members to the rear of the group.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- British prisoners of war relax in the compound at Doeberitz in the first few months of the war. They eat at the outdoor tables and live in the tents in the background. These men will provide the labor for the construction of the wooden facilities that will house them in the coming years.
- Date Created:
- 1914-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Prisoners unload provisions from a train at the prison camp at Guestrow under the direction of German officers and guards. A hand truck sits on the ground in front of the provisions. To feed the large numbers of POW's in parent camps, the Germans had to ship in large quantities of provisions on a regular basis.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Boy prisoners at the Braunau-in-Boehmen prison camp receive dinners of soup from the wooden barrels in the camp compound. Serbian prisoners ladle out their dinners under the supervision of an Austrian NCO. The Association made special efforts to persuade Austrian authorities to concentrate boy prisoners in this camp. The Austrians incarcerated over 2,000 boys in the facility. They accompanied their fathers into battle and were captured by the Austrians.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French and Polish prisoners of war and interned civilians walk past the old fortress in Rastatt with their dinner pails in hand.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Five Russian prisoners cut up wood scraps to prepare a fire to boil water to make tea in the prison compound at Hammerstein. The wooden barracks in the camp stand in the background. German authorities did not allow prisoners to cook inside of their barracks due to the threat of fire, although tea or water could be boiled on top of the heating stoves during the winter.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Belgian, French, and a few English prisoners of war stand in front of the prison kitchen at Kaltenkirchen. These prisoners wear identification numbers on white armbands.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- The dining hall at Werl is set for lunch. The tables are covered with table cloths, cutlery, and dishes and there are decanters for liquid refreshment. The room is decorated with pictures on the wall and the prisoners have access to a piano to the left.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French, Belgian, and Russian prisoners line up outdoors for their allocation of hot soup from the large metal and wooden pots steaming on the ground in the prison compound at Darmstadt. Once the POW's received their rations, they returned to their barracks to eat their meal.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A group of twelve Polish officers relax in their relatively large prison cell (number 10) at Marmosa-Sziget. They are eating their meals of soup in their room. The cell appears to be well provisioned with tables, chairs, and shelves full of books.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners line up for their meal outside the camp kitchen at Reichenberg and await the order from the Austrian non-commissioned officer for the soup distribution to begin. Ration distribution was conducted on an individual basis.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French and Belgian prisoners of war line up in the compound at Eichstaett with their soup bowls waiting for their evening dinner ration. The POW's went to the camp kitchen to receive their rations. The photograph also shows one of the stone buildings that made up the prison facility.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Prisoners augmented their meager diets at Soltau by gardening using seeds provided by a YMCA secretary. Rations could become monotonous in prison camps and fresh vegetables helped improve POW diets.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Despite the peace treaty between Russia and Germany, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (3 March 1918), Russian POW's continued to languish in German prison camps due to the Russian Civil War. Russian prisoners could not return home because the Allies did not want to swell the ranks of the Red Army and rail transportation through Poland was cut off due to the Russo-Polish War. The American YMCA sent War Prisoners' Aid secretaries back into Germany to provide relief for Russian POW's and M.V. Arnold was assigned to the prison camp at Parchim to restore welfare services. This program, developed by the Russian POW's to honor Arnold's work, depicts various scenes in the prison camp: food provided by the Association, a Christmas tree, a boxing match, a view of a camp barrack, and a German sentry guarding the fence. Note the Red Star at the top of the program. Bolshevik agitators infiltrated many of the German prison camps especially after German authorities captured Red Army troops that chose internment in East Prussia rather than decimation by the Polish Army during the Russo-Polish War.
- Date Created:
- 1920-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This drawing shows the prison compound at Langensalza, including a Russian sentry standing at the inner gate of the barbed-wire fence near a one-story wooden barrack. To the right stand two covered buckets which were probably used to fetch food for POW's inside this compound (the buckets could have also been used for sanitation purposes but the ladle on one of the buckets undermined this possibility). French and Russian prisoners mill about the compound in the background. The Russian sentry is not armed and may be a prison trustee. The Germans and Russians signed an armistice in December 1917 which ended the fighting on the Eastern Front. Because of critical manpower shortages, the Germans employed trusted POW's to serve as guards to replace German troops who were transferred to front line duties.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners of war in wooden shoes wait to receive their dinner as they stand on a side street in the prison camp at Goettingen. Some POW's have their wash hanging out to dry. You can see the Bismarck Tower on top of the hill behind the barracks.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners await their dinner outside of their barracks at Wasbek. The meal consists of soup, found in the large pots on the ground with ladles on top. A German non-commissioned officer stands in the center of the group with a ladle in hand, ready to begin distributing the meal. German officers stand in the background at the left.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Dinner is served--Polish officers and internees are enjoying a meal in the dining hall at Werl. Note the bottles of beer on the table to the left. The accommodations are luxurious in relation to enlisted mens' prison camps.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French Alpine troops, an elite army unit, enjoy a lunch of soup at a table inside their barrack at Wetzlar. Two POW's would go to the camp kitchen to fetch the dinner pot and then distribute the rations to the men in the barracks.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French prisoners of war unload a wagon of potatoes and a cart of fresh milk from local farmers in the court yard of the prison at Grafenwoehr. They load baskets of food which will be sold in the prison canteen. Prisoners with money could purchase additional food to augment their diets by making purchases in the canteen.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Belgian and French prisoners wait patiently in line outside of the kitchen in Zossen to receive a bowl of soup. The same prisoners happily pose for a picture with hot soup after receiving their meals in the camp kitchen. Individual distribution of rations was inefficient but it guaranteed equality between the POW's. Service to barrack representatives represented a faster distribution of rations but German authorities could not supervise the actual disposition inside all of the barracks.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- British prisoners eat their lunch of soup at outdoor tables in the compound at Doeberitz. This photograph was taken early in the war as the British soldiers are wearing pre-war issue field hats, are eating outdoors, and live in the tents behind them. The prisoners had not yet constructed the wooden barracks which would be their homes for the rest of the war.
- Date Created:
- 1914-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian and French patients in the hospital ward at Friedrichsfeld peel a basket of potatoes outside in the hospital courtyard. Preparing daily rations was a major undertaking in German prison camps.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A photograph from the watch tower in Buetow provides a general view of the prison camp, including the wooden barracks (note the barrack under construction in the background). The Russian prisoners have dug trenches to store the mountains of potatoes in preparation for the long winter. They are working under the direction of German non-commissioned officers. Potatoes were the primary source of nutrition for Allied POWs in prison camps.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Four Russian officers relax in their quarters in the prison camp at Koenigstein. Their table is covered with a nice white linen, a table lamp, a double tea pot, and desert dishes. One prisoner reads a newspaper, while the officer behind him appears a bit bored. The standard of living enjoyed by officers was far superior to the lifestyles of enlisted prisoners.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries