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- Notes:
- These Russian prisoners of war were members of the YMCA Band in a German prison which included brass, woodwind, and percussion sections. They are sitting on the stage of a theater where they performed during theatricals. An unidentified Red Triangle secretary sits behind the big bass drum in civilian attire.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This storeroom in the Geneva headquarters of the World's Alliance of YMCA's is where secretraries prepared circulating libraries for shipment to labor detachments in the Central Power and Allied nations. The walls of the hallway are covered with stacks of circulating libraries, a testiment to their popularity among prisoners.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- View of the Allied patients in a hospital ward in an unidentified Austrian prison. Red Triangle secretaries visited these unfortunates to bring them spiritual and mental relief during their recovery process. Association workers provided Bibles and spiritual tracts, stationery, books, and gramophones for entertainment.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners stand bare-headed in the prison compound at Purgstall during a Christmas celebration during the dedication of the new Association hall in January 1917. A group of Austrian officers stand to the left, next to the POW choir. The YMCA hall is decorated with garland and a large Christmas tree. On the platform by the door stands a WPA secretary, Edgar MacNaughten, and the camp commandant.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This photograph shows the interior of the Association building at Crossen-an-der-Oder. Russian instructors, from the POW population, teach a class for their fellow countrymen. The YMCA strove to provide educational opportunities to prisoners of war to help them find better jobs and help their families after repatriation.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- The stringed orchestra performs during the Christmas service in the YMCA building in Braunau-am-Inn in 1916. Note the extensive decorations in the building which include garland, paper chains, pine boughs, and a large, decorated Christmas tree behind the stage. There are Christmas presents on the floor to the right of the stage, near a phonograph. Association secretaries went to great lengths to provide POW's with Christmas cheer at a time when many prisoners suffered from depression and home sickness.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners observe All Saints' Day in the prison cemetery at Theresienstadt in memory of their dead comrades. Two Austrian officers stand in the center of the photograph, which was taken on 14 November 1916 (the Orthodox holiday). The War Prisoners' Aid office provided the flowers that the prisoners used for decorations for the service.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Austrian officials and officers join Russian (to the left) and Serbian (to the right) prisoners for the opening of the James Stokes Hut at Braunau-in-Boehmen, the first Association building for POW's in the Dual Monarchy. Professor Karl Witz-Oberlin, the Secretary-General of the Austrian YMCA, stands in the center of the photograph (he is the bare-headed civilian), while Christian Phildius, a Secretary-General of the World's Committee in Geneva, stands at the angle of the walk (he is in civilian clothing and top hat). Note that the Russian and Serbian prisoners wear identification badges on their caps.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- J. J. Hertig, a Danish YMCA secretary, visits two ill Russian prisoners of war in an unidentified Austro-Hungarian prison camp. A Russian corpsman also poses in the picture to the right. WPA Secretaries made every effort to visit and minister to sick and wounded Allied prisoners.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- An unidentified WPA secretary poses with a group of ten Russian prisoners of war in an unknown Austrian prison camp. These men may have been members of the YMCA Welfare Committee which oversaw welfare activities in the prison camp.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Members of a Russian band stand in the snow with their musical instruments and the contents of a WPA recreation chest displayed on the ground. An unidentified YMCA secretary in civilian clothing stands on the right hand side. The Association made every effort to provide Allied prisoners with materials they needed in prison camps.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This outdoor ceremony marks the official inauguration of the YMCA building in the prison camp at Hart. Russian prisoners join Austrian officers and an American YMCA secretary, Edgar MacNaughten (the Senior WPA Secetary for Austria-Hungary), in opening the decorated hall.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- The Russian prisoners in Reichenberg display the contents of the recreation chest they just received from the YMCA War Prisoners' Aid organization in Vienna. Each chest held games (Tambola, dominoes, chess, checkers, and Mensch aergere dich nicht), musical instruments (accordions and harmonicas), books, and Russian Orthodox crosses. An unidentified Association secretary, in the civilian clothing and wearing the C.V.J.M. armband), poses with the Russian prisoners. The YMCA committee in the prison camp then sent these recreation chests to POW's working outside of the camp in Arbeitskommandos (labor detachments).
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners of war in an unidentified German prison camp perform in a prison compound. These men are members of the YMCA Orchestra. The Red Triangle provided their musical instruments and their music. By providing instruments, the Association was able to support entertainment programs, often featuring talented musicians.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- These wounded Russian prisoners of war prepare for their journey home in exchange for wounded German prisoners in neutral Sweden. These men were gravely wounded and would not be able to resume military service; remaining in Germany made them burden for their hosts. A YMCA secretary provided these POW's with the three accordions on the table. The Russians gave the musical instruments to the German prisoners to enjoy during their journey home.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A Russian Orthodox priest conducts an outdoor service in the prison compound at Crossen-an-der-Oder in front of the YMCA building. The German authorities gave the Russians special permission to pray for the health of the Russian imperial family for this occasion.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners assemble in the prison compound at Purgstall for the dedication of the new YMCA building on Christmas Day, 8 January 1917. The camp commandant, several Austrian officers, Austrian officials,and several Association secretaries (including Edgar MacNaughten) stand on the platform at the entrance to the building next to a large Christmas tree. A group of Austrian officers stand as group to the left; a choir is about to perform to the left of the platform, while members of the prison band, with instruments provided by the YMCA, peek around the corner to the right, ready for their cue to begin playing.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A Russian prisoner of war orchestra at the prison camp at Deutsch-Gabel poses with Austrian officers (standing to the left) in the prison compound in front of a decorated Christmas tree. There is a YMCA secretary in the center of the photograph (the civilian wearing the bowler hat). The Association provided POW's with musical instruments to form bands and orchestras to provide entertainment and support religious services in prison camps.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Secretary John Klanmann, in civilian clothing, stands in the center of a group of prisoners in the prison camp compound at Wieselburg in January 1918. The Swedish Red Triangle worker just gave a Christmas address to the POW's in front of the Christmas tree behind the men.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- After the YMCA building inauguration and Christmas service at Purgstall, the Austrian officers and visitors stop for a photograph. The visitors included Austrian Baron von Haitin, the Swedish minister to Austria-Hungary; His Excellency Berks-Fries, Charge d'Affairs; Leche; Pastor Neander (a YMCA secretary); and Edgar MacNaughten, the Senior WPA Secretary for Austria-Hungary, who stand on the front porch of the building. Russian prisoners look on the scene from the background.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- An unidentified Association secretary, sitting in the center, poses with a Russian balaklava band in an unknown Austrian prison camp. The instruments range from small mandolins to the massive bass balalakas in the background (and one prisoner has a pair of cymbals). The YMCA helped provide musical instruments to prisoners to encourage musical performances in prison camps.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- British, Russian, French, and Belgian prisoners of war cram into the reading room of the YMCA hall at Goettingen. They have access to books and pre-war magazines in the Association library. To maximize capacity within the hall, the YMCA provided benches, but not tables.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- The Russian prisoners in this prison camp display the contents of the recreation chest they just received from the YMCA's War Prisoners' Aid organization in Vienna. Each chest held games (Tambola, dominoes, chess, checkers, and Mensch aergere dich nicht), musical instruments (accordions and harmonicas), books, and Russian Orthodox crosses. An unidentified Association secretary, in the civilian clothing and wearing the C.V.J.M. armband), poses with the Russian prisoners. The YMCA committee in the prison camps then sent these recreation chests to POW's working outside the camp in Arbeitskommandos (labor detachments).
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Edgar MacNaughten (center in civilian clothing) and Austrian officers open a new Association building in an unidentified Austrian prison camp. They are surrounded by Russian prisoners of war who will soon enjoy the services offered in the facility.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners pose for a photograph on the stage in the theater at Wieselburg. They are standing in front of an arbor scene. Plays provided POW's with a temporary escape from the boredom of the prison camp.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Young prisoners of war in an unidentified Austrian prison attend a math class, organized by the YMCA. The teacher is also a POW, probably a former teacher before the war began. There is an abacus on the front of the table and the students diligently figure out their computations on small chalkboards. Discipline is probably not a problem, given the switch hanging from the teacher's side. The photograph caption is interesting: these young men are in class to gain an education to become productive future subjects in the Austro-Hungarian Empire; most of the boys in these prison camps were Russians or Serbians.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- An unidentified YMCA secretary meets with a group of sick and wounded Russian prisoners of war in an unknown Austrian prison camp. These men are in the process of recovery; they are out of their beds in the hospital ward, but are not yet ready for assignment to their barracks.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- French, British, and Russian prisoners of war pack the YMCA reading room in Goettingen. To maximize space, there are no tables to make sure that as many prisoners as possible can be accommodated in the reading room.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A group of Russian boys in the prison camp at Wieselburg pose with Secretary John Klanmann. The Swedish secretary arranged for these boys to attend school to gain an education so they could become productive members of society when they returned home.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners administer the book collection in this library in an unidentified German prison in 1915. The YMCA provided a large number of these books for the benefit of the POW population, including hard to find Russian language books and journals.
- Date Created:
- 1915-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This view of the hospital ward at Czersk shows a room full of sick and wounded prisoners. At the back of the room with the white armband is William Lawall, an American YMCA secretary visiting the camp. He is talking to a prisoner of war in the presence of a German interpreter.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A group of Russian prisoners pose around a table outside of their barracks in the prison compound at Reichenberg. Max Rieser, a Swiss YMCA secretary, took the photograph in the Spring of 1918. An Austrian prison camp censor approved the photograph in April 1918, as attested by the censor stamp on the right.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- British enlisted prisoners participate in the YMCA Sports Day competition at the prison camp at Cellelager before a large crowd of spectators of Russian POW's and German officers. Note the construction of a new barrack in the background.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A Russian Orthodox priest leads a burial service for a Russian prisoner at Spratzern in the prison cemetery. Secretary Hertig, a Danish YMCA secretary, stands next to the priest in civilian clothing. Behind the coffin on the hand truck is an Orthodox cross and the prison camp band, as well as Russian POW's paying their respects. Note the white identification badges on the prisoners' caps.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Prisoners of war at Worms sit in a classroom reviewing a math lesson. The instructor is a prisoners as well and the students work out problems on small chalkboards at their benches. The original caption for this picture indicated that this was a school for Russian prisoners and a map of European Russia is mounted on the wall in the back of the classroom. The YMCA provided educational materials for prisoners so they could continue their educations during their time in prison.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- A student recites his lesson for the school master in this unidentified prison camp school. Red Triangle secretaries convinced Austro-Hungarian officials to segregate boys from the main POW populations and establish schools to educate them. YMCA secretaries helped to organize and supervise these schools. The Association's goal was to educate these boys and make them prosperous citizens in the new post-war Europe.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners assemble in the snow in the prison compound at Wieselburg for Christmas celebrations in January 1918. Secretary John Klanmann, a Swedish YMCA worker, addresses the prisoners from the platform in front of a decorated Christmas tree. Prisoners carry a cross and religious banners and the POW band stands to the left of the platform.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- An unidentified Association secretary stands between two severely wounded Russian prisoners outside of a barrack in the compound of a German prison camp.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners sit on in one of the classrooms of the YMCA building at Wieselburg with an unidentified YMCA secretary (in civilian clothing) standing in the middle of the room. The photo was taken from the back of the room, which was decorated with garland in the rafters, probably for Christmas celebrations. The classroom is equipped with a large chalkboard and maps. In the insert, another Association secretary stands next to two boys in the prison camp with small chalkboards in their hands. The YMCA took a special interest in protecting and educating these young prisoners.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This marks the official inauguration of the YMCA building in the prison camp in Wieselburg in 1916. Austrian officers and a visiting delegation stand in the center of the prison compound and Russian POW's stand at attention along the perimeter. The prison band is assembled on the perimeter to the left side of the photo. Wieselburg had over 5,000 permanently disabled prisoners in its ranks.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Members of the YMCA Committee at Braunau-am-Inn meet with an Association secretary to review welfare operations in the camp. Most of the members of the Y Committee are Russian prisoners.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Max Reiser, a Swiss YMCA secretary, sits in the center (wearing the bowler hat) at a table with Russian POW's in the prison compound at Reichenberg. Reiser appears to have just distributed books to the prisoners, which were often in short supply in prison camps. The prison censor stamp indicates that the censor approved the photo on 17 April 1918.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- The opening of the Tea Room of the Association hut is well attended by Russian prisoners at Groedig. While POW's purchase their tea at the window on the left, a prisoner band serenades the patrons in the rear of the room to the right. The tea room is also equipped with a gramophone to provide entertainment when the band is not playing.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Bulgarian dignitaries, officers, and an Orthodox priest attend the inauguration of the YMCA building in the prison camp at Philippopolis in 1917. The building is cheerfully decorated with strings of garland and flags. Serbian POW's stand to the left and Russian prisoners to the right of the building waiting for the hall to open officially. The World's Alliance negotiated access to prison camps in Bulgaria and paid for the construction of this hut.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- This photograph shows a classroom in a YMCA hall in an unidentified German prison camp. Russian POW's are learning how to read from fellow prisoners. The class is obviously popular--students must sit on the floor because there are no empty seats in the room.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- American YMCA Secretary Bryant Ryall distributes bags of presents, bread, and a Christmas tree to Serbian boy prisoners at Braunau-am-Inn. Russian and Serbian prisoners observe this activity. The YMCA focused a great deal of attention on these boys and sought to make the Christmas season a joyous occasion.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Despite the peace treaty between Russia and Germany, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (3 March 1918), Russian POW's continued to languish in German prison camps due to the Russian Civil War. Russian prisoners could not return home because the Allies did not want to swell the ranks of the Red Army and rail transportation through Poland was cut off due to the Russo-Polish War. The American YMCA sent War Prisoners' Aid secretaries back into Germany to provide relief for Russian POW's and M.V. Arnold was assigned to the prison camp at Parchim to restore welfare services. This program, developed by the Russian POW's to honor Arnold's work, depicts various scenes in the prison camp: food provided by the Association, a Christmas tree, a boxing match, a view of a camp barrack, and a German sentry guarding the fence. Note the Red Star at the top of the program. Bolshevik agitators infiltrated many of the German prison camps especially after German authorities captured Red Army troops that chose internment in East Prussia rather than decimation by the Polish Army during the Russo-Polish War.
- Date Created:
- 1920-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners leave the theater barrack after an afternoon performance. By the smiles on their faces, most of the men appear to have enjoyed the show. The YMCA provided theatrical costumes, props, and play scripts to improve the morale in camps through entertainment.
- Date Created:
- 1917-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners of war at the prison camp at Goettingen pose for a photograph in front of the new YMCA hall just opened in the camp. The Association Hall was the first American constructed facility in any of the prison camps of Europe.
- Date Created:
- 1918-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries
- Notes:
- Russian prisoners enjoy the YMCA Reading Room at Braunau-am-Inn, which featured a wide selection of books, journals, and newspapers. Two prisoners are engaged in a game of dominoes on the front table and a gramophone stands in the back of the room. The prisoners decorated the room with garlands along the rafters.
- Date Created:
- 1916-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Western Michigan University. Libraries