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- Date Issued:
- 1991-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- This article presents an empirical study of the contribution of mass media to various integrative tendency among three ethnic groups In Nigeria. The study examined five dimensions of integrative tendency, namely (i) spatial integrative behaviour (working, visiting another state); (ii) associational integrative behaviour (working under another tribe, allowing son to marry from another tribe); (iii) government integrative behaviour (fostering interstate travel): (iv) use of a common language; and (v) inter-ethnic trust. The findings suggest that the contribution of the mass media to integrative tendency varies according to media type and dimension of integration. They also indicate Nigeria's need to streamline media policy on integration. But the author concludes that other agents of socialization (schools, family, peers) may also offer an integrated approach to achieving national cohesion in Nigeria.
- Date Issued:
- 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- This article outlines the situation of women journalists in Senegal. The ideas expressed on the role of women which prevail in Senegalese society lead to the belief that the role of a journalist and the role of women are incompatible with one another. This article, based on research among women journalists in Senegal, describes how women journalists perceive themselves as women and how they fulfill both roles.
- Date Issued:
- 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- This paper presents a challenging and radical contribution to the debate about media laws and politics in Kenya. The internationalist universalist dimension is critical and eye-opening. It is a lampoonery of the dichotomised 'them' against 'us' axis upon which the discourse on media legislation reforms revolves. Instead, the author recommends that the debaters should embrace an important trilogy: the state, the media and the citizen. This, the author argues, will help in removing the debate away from the infrastructure of a free media as the only bone of contention, to include the 'spirit" of the media laws. The interest of the argument, therefore is to create a people-centered and responsive media. The people are integral stakeholders in the media industry, and as is, it is argued, must be as protected by the constitution as the media rights. The foregoing premise logically lends itself to the conclusion that media rights are human rights. If so then the author insist that the debate about media reforms is ill-informed if it doesn't include constitutional reform. But he goes past this to embrace a universalistic approach to the review of media laws. This is consistent with the paradigm shift in the development and application of the modern human rights laws and international politics, which started with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), the Genocide Convention (1948), the Geneva Convention of 1949, the Convention of Refugees (1951), the International Government on Civil and Political Rights (1966) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966). Within these internationally binding legal instruments, the author says, the media can find supportive articles for their demand for the inclusion of media rights as human rights. In this new internationalist thinking, the nationalistic or territorial approach to human rights issues have been found to be wanting as concerned governments have repeatedly violated national laws with impunity. There is no guarantee that national media laws will not be derogated by the despotic regimes again. Having traced the origins of the universalisation of human rights to the wartime atrocities of Nazi regime, the paper contends that the media today is an important international diplomatic player in conflict prevention, management and resolution to be left at the mercy of the draconian whims of an authoritarian government. The author declares that freedom of expression is the first freedom. Therefore it ought not to be negotiable. The paper laments mistreatment of the Kenyan journalists and their institutions by the powers that be.
- Date Issued:
- 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- This paper explores the nature of communication research going on in Africa The author argues that while the absence of a research tradition in Africa compels researchers on African affairs to adapt and replicate some American, European, and Soviet research strategies, there is a real need for communication researchers to take cognizance of the cultural context in which their research in Africa takes place. He singles out the "focus group' approach as being particularly suitable for data elicitation from Africans because it harmonizes well with their social-group orientation. This approach, he argues, has the merit of generating new hypotheses since it allows interviewees to respond or behave in unanticipated ways. The author, however, does not expect the approach to be problem-free and he makes useful suggestions as to how some of the anticipated problems may be overcome.
- Date Issued:
- 1987-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- The article defines technology as a communication process, reviews the problems of communication technology, transfer in the African continent, and makes a case for definition of development communication. It insists that in media technology transfer, the emphasis should be on their cultural implications and relationships to traditional modes of communications. Mass media should be seen as technology context, a situation that allows for greater participation of the ruralites in various African villages, which makes for quicker and better acceptance of change. The article critically examines different technology transfer models and recommends a horizontal, humanistic or holistic model of communication for rural development.
- Date Issued:
- 1986-06-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- This study assesses if gender has any influence on how Nigerian males and females perceive their communication styles. Using Norton's (1978) instrument of communicator style to collect the data, it attempts to answer three research questions, namely: (1) Will physical gender affect self-reported communicator style in the Nigerian environment? (2) What variable or combination of variables best predicts a good and effective Nigerian communicator? and (3) What type of inter-relationship exists between the variables of communicator style construct? It found no significant gender influence on self-reported communication style of Nigerians, unlike the findings of Montgomery and Norton (1981) among North Americans. It also found that friendly style was the best predictor of a good Nigerian communicator.
- Date Issued:
- 1990-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Date Issued:
- 1991-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- The specific role of mass communication and the mass media in the development dynamics is still quite controvertible. So is the status of development communication as a theoretical construct, as the multiplicity of its definitions suggests. These issues have become more critical in the light of recent world-wide political changes and of the many instances of debilitating ethnic conflicts. It is in this context that this paper investigated the incidence of development-oriented content in two Nigerian dailies, hypothesizing that, despite the claims that Nigerian newspapers have been excessively political, their contents are significantly more development-oriented than not and that this orientation is topically diversified and consistent over time. The results of the content-analysis study showed that the papers were more nondevelopmental in their orientation than developmental. Other aspects of the findings suggest, however, that sustained development requires a communication and governance system that accounts for both human rights and human needs.
- Date Issued:
- 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- Against the backdrop of the familiar yet peculiar African political scene, where, from country to country, military dictatorships struggle (without real success), at wearing smiling faces; or where democracies strap of such full armour as to brook no opposition, this article discusses objectivity in the media. Objectivity is the state or quality of not being influenced by personal bias, prejudice, feelings and opinions. Objective news-reporting Is that which is devoid of inferences. Judgement and slanting. Yet modern journalism is not altogether a professional practice in which the operators become, simply, automatons - unthinking, unfeeling and without emotion. Objectivity is thus a relative term - relative to the system that exists. The position adopted by this article is that objectivity in news presentation is not a myth, nor a mere philosophical abstraction, but an attainable media goal which the journalist must strive for, even in the face of opposing realities. Six factors which the journalist and the media must grapple with, if objectivity is to be meaningful and a worthwhile journalistic pursuit, are presented.
- Date Issued:
- 1988-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review