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- Description:
- In the wake of accusations and counter-accusations between the West and developing nations over the unbalanced nature of information flow, communication researchers and policy formulation groups have, over the years, been enticed to make decisions based on empirical findings. In this paper, the author presents findings of a study conducted on four leading Nigerian newspapers over a one-year period. His conclusion is that the media in Africa are equally to blame for perpetrating a negative image of the continent, and that the continent can only benefit from a new and more equitable international communication order by re-examining her values. The paper warns that devoting undue attention to conflict, crime and disasters at the expense of the region's efforts, policies and programmes aimed at advancing the people's welfare, negates the very principle of balanced reporting which Africa so much craves for.
- Date Issued:
- 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- This article outlines some of the recurring issues in mass communication research. Starting with a discussion of the perennial problem of defining the field of mass communication research, the article reviews the administrative-critical debate or the 'ferment' in mass communication research, and puts forward new concepts which seem to suggest new directions in the field. It finally suggests ways in which African communication scholars might contribute to the on-going debates in the field.
- Date Issued:
- 1989-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- This paper uses the Marxist postulatethat it is those segments of society which monopolize the production of knowledge and information which determine the general ideas and opinions that pervade society to analyse media coverage of Africa from the early days of explorers to the present time. It links the most salient images evoked by the mass media with the prevailing socioeconomic and political climates that have given impetus to current processes of ideological reproduction. Comparison of early reportage of Africa by European explorers and journalists (e.g. Stanley, Lugard) with contemporary media coverage of the continent reveals a persistent reference to Africans as barbaric, noble savages, communists and terrorists. Such references (images) have powerful ideological implications for the maintenance of the hegemony of a particular socioeconomic system over others. Just as they justified slavery and colonialism in the last century, such images now justify imperialism and military adventurism in Africa.
- Date Issued:
- 1991-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- The paper discusses the themes of press responsibility and public opinion and their relevance within the current socio-political economic frameworks of African nations. It stresses the pertinent role of a democratized press in democratic political systems, and the role that the press can play within the democracies if they are conscious of the great responsibility that the current transition programmes of African nations places on them. In view of the rise of so many elites in Africa (those who almost always make headline news) and their great influence in mass media output as well as the economic considerations of many media organisations in news judgement, the paper reasserts the deep ethical and professional commitment of the mass media to protecting the underprivileged in society, interpreting their points of view and acting as the voice of the voiceless in society. The paper concludes that a holistic transition programme that recognises less government presence in mass media management and output is ideal for African nations. It also calls for more professional running of the press in Africa to ensure that they fit properly as society's watchdog, the fourth estate of the realm.
- Date Issued:
- 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- Conflict in all its forms is endemic all over the world. Violent conflict is prevalent in Africa. Violent conflict exists within a triangle of relationships. This involves the belligerents and the citizens of whatever location the conflict is taking place. In many analyses of conflicts however, the citizens part of this triangle is often ignored. In particular, even within the 'citizens' corner of the triangle, the most vulnerable groups are rarely considered. The most vulnerable groups within any conflict situations are women and children. In normal situations, children and women in society require special care and protection. If this is accepted to be true in situations outside conflict, it is even more so in conflict situations. This article explores the basis on which the situation of women and children in conflict situations should be analysed. It outlines the broad canvass within which conflicts affect women and children, and examines the rights platform on which the welfare of women and children in conflict situations is based. It outlines the legal basis for the protection of women and children, and outlines the law on women and children in conflict situations. The article offers an analysis of 'rights', especially as they are perceived in the African context. It points out the ways in which the rights of women and children are eroded, especially in contexts of conflict. Ultimately, the article suggests a way out of the current situation, and outlines a programme for future action.
- Date Issued:
- 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- This article observes that the rich potentials of theatre as a media of development communication Africa has not been adequately tapped and so makes a strong submission for greater use of theatre for development purposes in the continent. It examines three dominant methods of theatre use for development and other types of communication and points out that theatre can be used interactively or independently as a medium of communication. The three key methods analyzed by the article are the Agitrop method, participatory theatre and the Forum method. The article reported six cases of theatre use for various projects in six African countries and concludes that the role of today's African communicator must be such that relevant communication forms are used in an interactive manner for the largest segments of African nations and people.
- Date Issued:
- 1988-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- This article explores the nature of African cinema and the film-makers' responsibility to the African society, and how the consciousness of that responsibility based on African world views can be used to enable the society realize its highest goals and aspirations. It advocates the use of cinema, other mass media, human and material resources to fight Euro-American media distortions of the African heritage and reality. They should also be used to liberate Africa permanently from Euro- American market control over the continent. African culture, according to the article, should be the theoretical basis for a critical investigation and assessment of the African cinema. There is also the burning need to recognize the values of African cinema, to see it in a new light, to situate it within the complex movement of thought of the cultural milieu which produced It.
- Date Issued:
- 1988-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Date Issued:
- 1988-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- Paulo Freire is a Brazilian educator and philosopher who is best known for his literacy method based on conscientization and dialogue. He has been called "the greatest living educator, a master and a teacher" (Taylor, 1993, p. 1). This article identifies and examines Freire's educational ideas which offer most important contribution to understanding educational practices and discusses their relevance to education and development in contemporary Africa in terms of the extent to which they are still of value. These ideas include Freire's theory of conscientization and dialogue, liberating education, a criticism of banking education, and a criticism of the concept of extension as cultural invasion. The examination of these ideas shows that, given the existing realities in African societies today, particularly in the rural areas, Freire's ideas now appear more relevant to education and development in Africa than ever before.
- Date Issued:
- 1996-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review
- Description:
- This paper argues the case for a philosophy of communication in Africa so as to give meaning and direction of African communication research. Observing that philosophy as an activity is not alien to Africa, the author contends that it is the absence of a philosophy of communication in Africa that accounts for the lack of theoretical orientation in African communication research. He reviews the major American mass communication theories, and demonstrates that each of them is based on some American philosophy or world view. He then argues that any appropriate philosophy of mass communication in Africa must originate from African philosophy, defined in a fairly broad manner.
- Date Issued:
- 1987-01-01T00:00:00Z
- Data Provider:
- Michigan State University. Libraries
- Collection:
- Africa Media Review